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Information retrieval. --- Conference papers and proceedings.

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This volume contains a selection of papers of the 28th Going Romance conference, which was organized by the Linguistics centers of Universidade de Lisboa and Universidade Nova de Lisboa in December 2014. It assembles the invited contributions by Alain Rouveret, Guido Mensching, Luigi Rizzi, and Roberta D'Alessandro, and eleven peer-reviewed papers that were presented at the conference or at the workshops on Constituent Order Variation, Crosslinguistic Microvariation in Language Acquisition, and Subordination in Old Romance. The volume covers a wide range of topics in syntax and its interfaces, and brings to current linguistic theorizing new empirical grounding from Romance languages (including standard, diachronic or regional varieties of Asturian, Brazilian and European Portuguese, Catalan, French, Galician, Italian, Romanian, Sardinian, and Spanish). This will be of interest to scholars in Romance and in general linguistics.

Romance languages --- Langues romanes. --- Conference papers and proceedings. --- Romance languages.

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Why did premodern authors in the Arabic-Islamic culture compile literary anthologies, and why were these works remarkably popular? How can an anthology that consists of reproduced material be original and creative, and serve various literary and political ends? How did anthologists select their material, then record and arrange it? This book examines the life and works of Abū Manṣūr al-Thaʿālibī (350–429/961–1039), an eminent anthologist from Nīshāpūr, paying special attention to his magnum opus, Yatīmat al-dahr ( The Unique Pearl ), and its sequel, Tatimmat al-Yatīma ( The Completion of the Yatīma ). This book is a direct window on to an anthologist’s workshop in the second half of the fourth/tenth century. It examines the methodological consciousness expressed in Thaʿālibī’s selection and arrangement, and his sophisticated system of internal references and cross-references to other works; how he selected from his contemporaries’ oeuvres; how he sought, recorded, memorized, misplaced, and sometimes lost or forgot his selections; how he scrutinized the authenticity of material, accepting, questioning, or rejecting its attribution; and the errors and inconsistencies that resulted from this process.

Anthologies --- Chrestomathies --- Collected papers (Anthologies) --- Collections (Anthologies) --- Papers, Collected (Anthologies) --- Readings (Anthologies) --- History and criticism. --- Thaʻālibī, ʻAbd al-Malik ibn Muḥammad, --- ثعالبي، عبد الملك بن محمد،

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The Potamopyrgus antopodarumon reproduction test is designed to assess potential effects of prolonged exposure to chemicals on reproduction and survival of parthenogenetic lineages of the freshwater mudsnail Potamopyrgus antipodarum. Adult female P. antipodarum are exposed to a concentration range of the test chemical. The test chemical is dispersed into the reconstituted dilution water, added to test beakers, and adult snails are subsequently introduced into the test beakers. When testing “difficult chemicals” (i.e. volatile, unstable, readily biodegradable and adsorbing chemicals) the test can be conducted under flow-through conditions as an alternative to the semi-static design with fixed renewal periods of the medium (see paragraph 29). P. antipodarum survival over the 28 days exposure period and reproduction at the end of the test after 28 days are examined. Reproduction is evaluated by counting the number of embryo in the brood pouch (without distinction of developmental stages) at the end of 28 days exposure. The toxic effect of the test chemical on embryo numbers is expressed as ECX by fitting an appropriate regression model in order to estimate the concentration that would cause x % reduction in embryo numbers or alternatively as the No Observed Effect Concentration and Lowest Observed Effect Concentration (NOEC/LOEC) value (2).

Chemical tests and reagents --- Chemical reagents --- Reagents, Chemical --- Indicators and test-papers

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This Test Guideline is designed to be used for assessing the effects of chemicals in soil on the reproductive output (and other sub-lethal end points) of the earthworm species Eisenia fetida or Eisenia andrei. Adult worms are exposed to a range of concentrations of the test substance either mixed into the soil or applied to the soil surface. The range of test concentrations is selected to encompass those likely to cause both sub-lethal and lethal effects over a period of eight weeks. The limit test corresponds to one dose level of 1000 mg/kg. This study includes the observation of unusual behaviour and morphology, the counting and weighing of the adult worms after the four primary weeks, the number of juveniles hatched at the end of the second 4-week period. The reproductive output of the worms exposed to the test substance is compared to that of the control(s) in order to determine the no observed effect concentration (NOEC) and/or ECx by using a regression model to estimate the concentration that would cause a x % reduction in reproductive output. The test concentrations should bracket the ECx so that the ECx then comes from interpolation rather than extrapolation.

Chemical tests and reagents --- Chemical reagents --- Reagents, Chemical --- Indicators and test-papers